Networking Lecture Notes

From BenningtonWiki

[edit] HISTORY

• 1962 “Galactic Network”
  • J.C.R. Licklider
• 1969 ARPANET, 4 nodes
  • 21 November 1969, between UCLA and The Stanford Research Institute.
  • 5 December 1969, a 4-node network was connected, adding the University of Utah and UCSB.
    • UCLA, Leonard Kleinrock (Scientific Data Systems Sigma 7)
    • The Stanford Research Institute, Douglas Engelbart, hypertext (SDS 940: 64K of memory, paper tape)
    • UCSB (IBM 360/75, running OS/MVT).
    • The University of Utah's Graphics Department, Ivan Sutherland (DEC PDP-10 running TENEX).
• 1972 email invented (name@computer)
• 1973 ftp invented
• 1975 leaves ARPA (advanced research), run by Defense Communications Agency and NSF
• 1976 Queen Elizabeth II sent the first royal email
  • March 26
• 1977 TCP/IP invented
  • Vint Cerf at Stanford
• 1983 TCP/IP becomes the protocol of the internet
• 1983 telnet invented
• 1989 HTML invented, other browsers in 1992
  • Tim Berners-Lee, CERN

Growth:

• 1969 4 nodes
• 1970 cross-continent
• 1973 40 nodes across US
• 1973 satellite links to Hawaii and Norway; Norway to London
• 1977 136 nodes (according to ARPANET map)
• 1981 213 nodes
• today, hundreds of millions of computers with IP addresses

[edit] TCP/IP

ISO network model, layering
IP addressing

ifconfig

datagram delivery (UDP)
ports to specify services
Ports: well-known ports, port sniffers
reliable streams - notecard experiment
TCP
packet sniffing

sudo tcpdump -i en0               for wired ethernet
sudo tcpdump -i en1               for wireless

Sending mail: SMTP - http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc0821.txt (port 25)

telnet <smtp-server> 25
HELO <sending-server>
MAIL FROM:<reverse-path> <CRLF>
RCPT TO:<forward-path> <CRLF>
DATA <CRLF>
. <CRLF>
QUIT <CRLF>

Name lookup with DNS

dig bennington.edu
dig -x 12.16.115.8

pairNIC demo
Service discovery with Rendezvous
Security - encryption

Aside:
“infinite loop” - http://www.apple.com/contact/